Kawm cov kauj ruam-los ntawm- cov txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov cov sludge kub rau hauv 99.9% ntshiab kub ingots. Tshawb nrhiav kev tshawb fawb tom qab kub smelting, txheej txheem Wohlwill electrolysis, thiab aqua regia refining.
Kub sludge feem ntau zoo li deb ntawm qhov peb paub tias yog dawb huv, ci kub. Yog li, yuav ua li cas tig mus rau hauv cov khoom muaj nqis heev uas peb pom hauv khw? Txoj kev taug kev los ntawm sludge sludge mus rau ib qho khoom, siv tau muaj ob theem tseem ceeb:smeltingthiabkho kom zoo.
Yuav Ua Li Cas Kub Sludge Smelted rau hauv Kub Ingots?
Smelting yog lub hauv paus kauj ruam uas hloov cov kub kub sludge mus rau hauv ib tug ruaj khov qauv. Cov txheej txheem no yog ua nyob rau hauv industrial furnaces ntawm huab cua kub (siab tshaj 1064 degree) kom cais cov kub ntawm lub hauv paus impurities.
Thaum smelting,cov ntaub ntawv fluxzoo li borax thiab silica ntxiv. Cov fluxes khi nrog impurities, tsim ib txheej nyias ntawm slag thaum hnyav, molten kub dab dej mus rau hauv qab. Tom qab ntawd cov kua kub yog poured rau hauv pwm los ua ingots.
Cov khoom uas tshwm sim yog acrude kub block. Thaum nws khav ib tug golden - xim daj, nws purity feem ntau nyob ntawm tsuas yog80% txog 95%. Nyob rau theem no, nws tseem muaj cov hlau seem xws li nyiaj thiab tooj liab. Vim tias nws qhov hardness thiab malleability tseem tsis tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam, cov kub no tsis tuaj yeem siv ncaj qha rau kev tsim cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub.
Cov txheej txheem kub Smelting ntawm ib nrais muag
Smelting yog ib qho kev tshawb fawb meej uas dhau mus tshaj qhov tsuas yog siv cov cua sov. Nov yog cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb ntawm kev npaj thiab ua tiav:
● Kev npaj:Cov sludge nyoos yog kom qhuav kom tshem tawm tag nrho cov dej noo.
● Flux Ntxiv:Borax thiab silica yog sib xyaw rau hauv kev ntes thiab tshem tawm impurities.
● Cua sov:Lub cub tawg melts kub thaum nquag sib cais cov ntaub ntawv pov tseg.
● Ncuav:Lub purified kua kub yog poured rau hauv tshwj xeeb ingot pwm.
Standard Smelting Temperature thiab Duration:
| Kauj ruam | Kub | Duration | Lub hom phiaj |
| Cua sov | 1100-1200 degree | 1-2 teev | Melts kub |
| Flux Reaction | 1200 degree | 30-60 feeb | Tshem tawm impurities khi |
| Ncuav | 1100 degree | Tam sim ntawd | Shapes tus kub rau hauv ingots |
Yuav ua li cas Crude Gold Refined mus rau Purity Level 99.9% (999 Kub)?
Vim tias cov kub kub tseem muaj txog li 20% impurities, nws yuav tsum tau ua kom zoo dua kom ncav cuag99.9% (999) lossis 99.99% (9999) purityxav tau los ntawm thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam nyiaj txiag thiab cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub.
Refining feem ntau yog nyob ntawm ob txoj kev:electrolysisthiabchemical ua. Nov yog qhov kev lag luam ua tiav ultra- kub ntshiab.
Electrolytic Refining (Cov txheej txheem Wohlwill)
Electrolytic refining yog tus qauv kev lag luam rau kev tsim khoom loj -. Qhov tseeb, kev tsim khoom lag luam ntawm 999-zoo kub tso siab rau txoj kev no. Nws yog qhov ua tau zoo heev thiab tuaj yeem tsim kub nrog purity txog li99.99%.
Cov txheej txheem muaj ob qhov sib txawv, tswj tau zoo heev:
1. Kev npaj ntawm "Gold Electrolyte"
Ua ntej, cov kub kub yog yaj hauvdej regia-kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov concentrated hydrochloric acid thiab concentrated nitric acid (hauv qhov piv ntawm 3: 1). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no hloov cov kub mus rau hauv ib qho kev daws teeb meem ntawmchloroauric acid. Tom qab ntawd tus neeg saib xyuas tshwj xeeb raug ntxiv rau precipitate thiab tshem tawm cov impurities xws li tooj liab thiab hlau, tawm hauv qab ib qho ntshiab, kub -cov tshuaj electrolyte.
2. Electrolysis: Qhov "Translocation" ntawm kub
- Kev teeb tsa:Ib daim ntawv nyias ntawm cov kub ntshiab ua raws li covcathode(qhov tau txais electrode), thaum lub thaiv ntawm cov kub kub ua haujlwm raws li qhovanode(cov khoom siv electrode). Ob leeg yog submerged nyob rau hauv lub kub electrolyte tov, thiab ib tug ncaj hluav taws xob tam sim no yog siv.
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv:Tsav los ntawm tam sim no, kub atoms nyob rau hauv crude anode poob electrons thiab yaj mus rau hauv cov tshuaj raws li kub ions.
- Qhov Deposition:Lub teb hluav taws xob yuam cov ions kub no txav mus rau cov kub dawb huv cathode. Thaum muaj, lawv tau txais electrons thiab txo rov qab mus rau hauv cov khoom, ntshiab kub atoms, depositing smoothly mus rau hauv daim ntawv cathode.
Raws li lub voj voog no txuas ntxiv mus, lub crude anode dissolves, thiab cov ntshiab kub cathode hlob zuj zus thicker. Thaum cov electrolysis tiav lawm, cov crude 95% kub tau ua tiav rau hauv9999 - kub.
Tshuaj Refining (The Aqua Regia Method)
Rau cov khoom me me lossis boutique hniav nyiaj hniav kub ntau lawm, cov tshuaj refining txoj kev ua tau zoo heev.
- Nws ua haujlwm li cas:Zoo ib yam li thawj kauj ruam ntawm electrolysis, aqua regia yog siv los ua kom yaj cov kub kub. Ib zaug nyob rau hauv lub xeev ua kua, cov tshuaj precipitants tshwj xeeb (xws li sodium metabisulfite) tau qhia kom tsuas yog cov kub ntshiab kom tso tawm ntawm cov tshuaj raws li cov hmoov zoo, tawm hauv cov dej tsis huv tom qab.
- Purity:Txoj kev no tsis tu ncua mus txog99.9% (999) purity.
Txawm hais tias los ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov txheej txheem Wohlwill los yog qhov tseeb ntawm cov tshuaj los nag, cov txheej txheem refining tau lees tias cov khoom kub kawg ua tau raws li cov qauv nruj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.
